Why Does Syria Listen to Russia: A Fast-Track to Reconstruction and Stability

In the intricate geopolitical landscape of the Middle East, the relationship between Syria and Russia stands out as a prime example of strategic alignment. The Syrian regime's reliance on Russia is more than just a matter of necessity; it represents a complex narrative woven through decades of military cooperation, economic leverage, and regional influence.

The Geopolitical Context

The civil war in Syria in 2011 marked a significant turning point. By the time President Bashar al-Assad sought Russian support, less than 15% of Syria's territories were under government control. The Syrian army was struggling, and the Assad regime faced significant challenges. It was the onset of assistance in fighting ISIS that propelled Russia's involvement in the conflict.

Strategic Objectives: Countering Islamist Extremism

Russia's intervention was driven by several strategic objectives, with the primary one being the fight against Islamist extremism. The proliferation of ISIS did not stop within Syria's borders; the threat extended to neighboring regions, including Iraq, Turkey, and Iran. The sale of oil from black market deals allowed ISIS to finance their operations, leading to a rapid expansion. This is why Russia's military intervention was crucial for regional security.

Military Success and Strengthening of the Syrian Army

The Russian military's involvement in the Syria conflict was marked by significant successes. Over 63,000 Russian personnel gained combat experience, with more than 30,000 combat sorties conducted by Russian aviation. The exact number of air strikes shows the effectiveness of Russian operations, surpassing coalition forces by a large margin. Countless settlements were liberated, and thousands of ISIS militants were destroyed. These military successes played a pivotal role in stabilizing the situation in Syria.

Economic Benefits and Reconstruction Efforts

Beyond the military successes, Russia's involvement also brought economic benefits. An agreement in 2018 granted Russia exclusive rights to extract oil and gas in Syria. This has fueled the reconstruction efforts in the country, with exploration activities ongoing. Russia's presence in Syria is not merely a military endeavor; it has economic implications as well, ensuring that the country's post-war reconstruction is funded and supported.

Long-Term Strategic Gains

The military campaign in Syria has provided Russia with a permanent military base in the region, thereby enhancing its strategic presence. This base not only secures Syria from further radical Islamic threats but also positions Russia to counter potential threats in the Mediterranean. The anti-aircraft missile systems stationed along the Mediterranean coast neutralize the threat of missile attacks from the sea, making it a significant strategic asset.

Conclusion

Overall, the Syrian regime's reliance on Russia is not just temporary but a fundamental shift in the region's geopolitical dynamics. Russia's commitment to Syria’s reconstruction and stability ensures a more secure and prosperous future for the region, aligning Russia's strategic interests with Syria's economic and security needs. As the last remnants of radical groups are eliminated, the foundation for lasting peace and stability is being laid.