Are Foreigners in the U.S. Required to Carry Their Permits Everywhere?

Many foreigners who live and work in the United States often wonder whether they are legally mandated to carry their immigration documentation at all times. This question is especially pertinent for those with a Green Card or Employment Authorization Document (EAD). Let’s delve into the details of U.S. immigration laws and the realities of how they are enforced.

Legal Requirements for Carrying Immigration Documents

According to U.S. immigration laws, individuals 18 years and older who are living in the U.S. are required to carry at least one applicable immigration document. This can be a 'Green Card', Employment Authorization Document (EAD), or other valid documentation. While it is a requirement to carry these documents, it is worth noting that not all federal officials are authorized to request such documents at any given time. The primary enforcers are U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS).

For most legitimate tourists, it is a good practice to carry their passport with them, much like how drivers keep their licenses handy. Although U.S. police typically do not randomly stop people to ask for identification, there are situations where you might need to prove your age, such as when purchasing alcohol or tobacco products.

Consequences of Not Carrying Immigration Documentation

Failing to carry your immigration documents with you in the U.S. can have severe consequences. By law, immigration authorities can revoke your status if they find that you have not been in compliance. In some cases, this may even lead to deportation. The terms of your admission to the U.S. stipulate these requirements, so it is important to familiarize yourself with them.

For lawful permanent residents (green card holders) or those with an Employment Authorization Document (EAD), it is mandatory to keep your immigration documents with you at all times, especially when traveling. Those who fail to do so could face legal action.

Real-Life Experience: Living with a Green Card

Many individuals, like the author, have lived in the U.S. for extended periods with green cards without facing any issues related to carrying their documents. For instance, the author held an H1B visa for three years, followed by almost eight years as a green card holder, and is now back on a visa due to reduced working hours and retirement. Remarkably, the author was never asked by the police for their green card or visa, with the only occasions requiring the showing of documents being when traveling internationally.

On a personal level, the author recounts that when stopped and asked for papers, they often respond with a humorous nonchalance, asking what they are talking "aboot". The police response is typically a sigh and a disparaging remark, often directed at the author's Canadian nationality, but they are nonetheless sent on their way. These interactions often involve snide comments about how foreigners bring no economic benefit to the U.S. but the author remains unconcerned and unperturbed by these minor inconveniences.

Conclusion

While it is technically required for foreigners in the U.S. to carry their immigration documents, the reality is that it is not always enforced. The key takeaway is to be prepared and carry your documents when necessary. Familiarize yourself with the laws and specific requirements to avoid any potential issues.