The Truth About Celts in Britain During Roman Rule

Introduction

The question revolves around why most Celts did not stay and resist Roman rule in Britain like the Picts, Scots, and Welsh did. This often misunderstanding is based on a lack of historical accuracy. This article delves into the actual history of the Celts in Britain during the Roman conquest period, addressing common misconceptions and shedding light on the true nature of Celtic presence and movements during this time.

Historical Context

Britain, as it is understood today, includes various Celtic tribes, although the term 'Celt' was not used by ancient Britons to refer to themselves. The Celts in Britain were part of the broader Celtic culture, which spanned much of Europe. The Picts, Scots (mainly the Gaelic-speaking people of Scotland), and Welsh are often grouped under the Celtic umbrella, but their identities were distinct. The Romans, too, did not use the term 'Celt' to describe the local populations.

It is important to note that the modern understanding of 'Celtic' in Britain is somewhat misleading. The term is often used collectively to describe the Brythonic-speaking peoples, who spoke a Celtic language, but did not refer to themselves as 'Celts' in the same sense that the word is used today.

Miscellaneous Claims and Correctives

Several claims in the discussion revolve around misunderstandings and assumptions:

**The Myth of Collective Celtic Flight:** Many people believe that most Celts left Britain after the Roman conquest. However, genetic evidence suggests that many Celts continued to live in the same areas, though they came under Anglo-Saxon rule. The term 'Brythonic' is often used to describe the Celtic speakers in Britain. **The Role of the Picts, Scots, and Welsh:** The Picts were a distinct group from the Romans and did not flee the country. Similarly, the Scots (Gaelic speakers) and Welsh did not leave Britain. Both Gaelic and Welsh are distinct Celtic languages whose speakers stayed in their homelands. **Maximus Magnus and His Legion:** While the discussion about a legion leaving with Maximus Magnus is intriguing, it is based on historical inaccuracies. Maximus Magnus lived during the 4th century, and there is no substantial evidence supporting the claim that a whole Celt population left with him.

The Legacy of Celtic Monasticism and Christianity

Despite the misconception about mass departure, the Celts in Britain left a lasting legacy through various cultural and religious movements, particularly Celtic Monasticism and Christianity.

During the Roman period, Celtic Christianity emerged, heavily influenced by figures like Saint Patrick, who documented Brehon laws and oral traditions in Hiberno-Latin, a Celtic Latin language created by Irish monks. The spread of Celtic Christianity and monasticism played a significant role in the spiritual and cultural landscape of Britain, Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Cornwall, and even parts of England.

Conclusion

The Celts in Britain did not leave en masse as many believe. Instead, they were integrated into various regions, contributing to the cultural and linguistic evolution of what is now modern Britain. The misconception around Celtic flight is a result of historical inaccuracies and simplifications. The impact of Celtic culture, particularly through monasticism and Christianity, continues to be felt in the UK and beyond, making it a quintessential part of British and Celtic history.