The Intriguing Mystery of the Princes in the Tower: Examining the Likely Culprits

The disappearance and ultimate fate of the Princes in the Tower, Edward V and Richard, Duke of York, have sparked intense debate and speculation for centuries. This article aims to delve into the possible culprits and provides insights into why certain theories stand out more than others.

Richard III: The Guardian and the Guardian of the Throne

Many scholars believe that Richard III, the Duke of York's brother, was entrusted with the responsibility of keeping the princes safe, as per their father King Edward IV's will. Since Richard III was appointed as their guardian, the theory suggests that he had every reason to protect them rather than harm them. The Titulus Regius, enacted shortly before Richard III became king, invalidated any claim Edward IV's sons might have to the throne, thus removing any motive for Richard III to eliminate them.

The Role of Henry VII

Other historians argue that it was most likely Henry VII who was responsible for the princes' disappearance. Henry VII's accession to the throne involved the controversial Titulus Regius, which effectively declared Edward IV and his children illegitimate. This act legitimized Henry VII's own claim to the throne through his marriage to Elizabeth of York, a move that would have made the princes legitimate but endangered Henry's position. By distancing himself from the princes, Henry VII aimed to eliminate any potential threat to his rule.

Perkin Warbeck and the Flanders Escape Scenario

The case of Perkin Warbeck, a man who claimed to be Richard, Duke of York, adds another layer of complexity to the mystery. Some believe that Perkin Warbeck was indeed Richard, and that he or a relative managed to escape Europe to Flanders after the Battle of Bosworth. This scenario suggests that Edward V might have also been able to escape under a pseudonym, possibly using the name John Evans, as recent discoveries have suggested.

Interestingly, a Silesian diplomat named Niclas von Popplau, who visited Richard III's court in May 1484, reported that the princes were likely being kept in safe custody at Pontefract Castle. His observations contradict the notion that the princes were murdered in the Tower of London.

Henry VII's Purge of Records

Henry VII was known for his habit of destroying records that were unfavorable to his rule. This practice has led some historians to believe that he might have deliberately erased any evidence of the princes' fate, including their disappearance from the Tower. Henry VII executed his nephew, Edward, 17th Earl of Warwick, at the same time he executed Perkin Warbeck, ostensibly to prevent any potential escape from the Tower. However, the actual reasons remain speculative.

Concluding Thoughts

While the mystery of the Princes in the Tower remains unsolved, the available evidence leans towards Henry VII being the most likely culprit behind their disappearance. However, the possibility of Edward V and Richard, Duke of York, surviving and remaining in hiding until they could claim their rightful place as kings cannot be entirely dismissed.

Regardless of the truth, what's clear is that the disappearance of the princes continues to fascinate historians and capture the public imagination, serving as a reminder of the tumultuous political climate of the late 15th century.