The Azores Before Portuguese Colonization: An Exploration of Possible Early Inhabitants

The Portuguese colonization of the Azores in the 15th century is well-documented, but there has always been a lingering question about the potential presence of indigenous inhabitants before their arrival. This article explores various theories and evidence regarding the early history of the Azores, focusing on the myth of early settlers and the potential presence of certain species brought to the islands.

Uninhabited before Portuguese Colonization

Historical evidence strongly supports the theory that the Azores were uninhabited when the Portuguese first arrived in the 15th century. Official records, combined with archaeological findings, provide a clear picture of the archipelago's lack of human habitation until the arrival of the Portuguese.

The Azores were discovered during the Age of Exploration, a period marked by global expansion and maritime discovery. Historical accounts suggest that the islands were initially uninhabited, allowing the Portuguese to establish a colony without the presence of indigenous populations.

Speculations and Theories

While the Azores are considered to have no prior permanent indigenous population, some theories propose that the islands may have been visited by various seafaring peoples, including the Norse or earlier explorers. These speculations have been fueled by historical narratives and archaeological evidence, although none of these theories have been conclusively proven.

For instance, there is evidence that suggests certain rats species on the Azores may have originated from Norse lands, likely hitching a ride on Norse boats. This theory, though intriguing, remains controversial and needs further research to validate its claims.

The Portuguese as the Original Inhabitants

Despite various speculations, the most widely accepted theory is that the Azores were fully uninhabited until the arrival of the Portuguese. The Azores are named after the Acores, a type of bird, which were present in abundance, according to historical records. These birds, along with other fauna, were crucial in the naming and description of the islands.

It is often stated that Portuguese colonization marked the beginning of human habitation in the Azores. The islands' transformation into a flourishing Portuguese colony is a significant chapter in the history of the region, setting the stage for the development of the archipelago and its culture.

Contrasting Triangle of Knowledge

It's important to contrast the Azores with other regions visited by the Portuguese. For example, Madeira, another Portuguese colony, did have a previous population, but in the 15th century, Portugal destroyed it and brought in slaves to work in the new colony. This contrast further emphasizes the unique history of the Azores, where no human habitation existed until the Portuguese arrived.

Some early explorers and chroniclers mentioned the existence of phantom islands with mythical cities, such as the Insula Septem Civitatum, but these were mostly urban legends or misunderstandings. Modern historians, including Prince Henry the Navigator, have helped to clear up these misconceptions, leaving a clearer picture of the Azores' true origins.

While it is possible that San Brendan and a few of his congregation or Christian pilgrims may have reached the islands in earlier centuries, the lack of reliable evidence makes these scenarios speculative at best.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the Azores were essentially unpopulated until the Portuguese began their colonization efforts. The Portuguese were the first to establish permanent settlements, marking a new chapter in the archipelago's history. Despite various speculations and theories, the abundance of historical and archaeological evidence supports the widely accepted view that the islands were uninhabited until the arrival of the Portuguese.

The Azores represent a unique slice of maritime history, marking a pivotal point in the Age of Exploration. Their story is one of discovery, colonization, and transformation, underlining the complexities and mysteries of early maritime history.