Chromatografy Methods for Environmental - Ando D.J.

Ando D.J. Chromatografy Methods for Environmental - Wiley publishing , 2003. - 265 p.
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Peak area yes/no
Method used manual/electronic
Internal standard...............................................................
External standard...............................................................
Calibration method direct/standard additions
Number of calibration standards.................................................
Linear range of calibration.....................................................
214
Methods for Environmental Trace Analysis
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
• Atomizer characteristics
Flame.......
Cold-vapour
Graphite furnace
Hydride generation
• Flame - gas mixture
Gas flow rates
l min 1
• Sample introduction method
Nebulizer/expansion chamber (specify)
• Spectrometer
Element(s) and wavelength(s)
• Quantitation
Peak height yes/no
Peak area yes/no
Method used manual/electronic
Calibration method direct/standard additions
Number of calibration standards..................................................
Linear range of calibration......................................................
Recording of Information and Selected Resources
215
Electrothermal (Graphite-Furnace) Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
Atomizer characteristics graphite furnace............
Furnace characteristics
Graphite.......................Pyrolytic coated.
L’Vov platform.................Other (specify)..
Programme
Drying....................temperature
Ashing....................temperature
Atomization...............temperature
Other.....................temperature
C; time s
C; time s
C; time s
C; time s
Background correction Deuterium Zeeman Smith-Hieftje
yes/no
yes/no
yes/no
yes/no
Spectrometer
Element(s) and wavelength(s).
o
o
o
o
Quantitation
Peak height yes/no
Peak area yes/no
Method used manual/electronic
Calibration method direct/standard additions
Number of calibration standards.................................................
Linear range of calibration.....................................................
216
Methods for Environmental Trace Analysis
Flame Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (Flame Photometry)
• Atomizer characteristics Flame
• Flame - gas mixture Gas flow rates
• Sample introduction method Nebulizer/expansion chamber (specify)

• Spectrometer Element(s)
• Quantitation Peak height Method used Calibration method Number of calibration standards Linear range of calibration yes/no manual/electronic direct/standard additions
X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy • Spectrometer Manufacturer Energy/wavelength-dispersive
• Sample preparation Specify

• Quantitation Peak height Peak area Internal standard External standard Calibration method Number of calibration standards Linear range of calibration yes/no yes/no direct/standard additions
Recording of Information and Selected Resources
217
Data Sheet E: Analytical Techniques for Organic Analysis
Method
GC yes/no
HPLC yes/no
IC yes/no
Other (specify)
Gas Chromatography
• Column characteristics
Manufacturer
Type
Length m; internal diameter mm
Film thickness |xm
• Carrier gas and flow rate
• Isothermal or temperature-programmed yes/no
Temperature programme (specify)

• Injector type
Injector temperature °C
Split ratio
Injection volume |Xl
• Detector type
Operating conditions
• Quantitation
Peak height yes/no
Peak area yes/no
Method used manual/electronic
Internal standard
External standard
Calibration method direct/standard additions
Number of calibration standards
Linear range of calibration
218
Methods for Environmental Trace Analysis
High Performance Liquid Chromatography
• Column characteristics Manufacturer Type Reversed-phase or normal-phase Length cm; internal diameter. • Mobile phase (solvent) Flow rate mm ml min-1
• Isocratic or gradient Gradient programme (specify) yes/no
• Injector volume |Xl
• Detector type Operating conditions
• Quantitation Peak height Peak area Method used Internal standard External standard Calibration method: Number of calibration standards: Linear range of calibration yes/no yes/no manual/electronic direct/standard additions
Recording of Information and Selected Resources
12.2 Selected Resources
219
To assist readers to maximize their time, and hence efficiency, a selected resource list is provided.
12.2.1 Journals
Regular articles on the latest advances appear in the following journals:
• The Analyst
• Analytica Chimica Acta
• Analytical Chemistry
• Applied Spectroscopy
• Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry
• Journal of Chromatography, Part A
• Journal of Environmental Monitoring
• Mikrochimica Acta
• Spectrochimica Acta, Part B
• Talanta
• Trends in Analytical Chemistry
• Fresenius’ Journal for Analytical Chemistry
12.2.2 Books^
12.2.2.1 Specific Books on Laboratory Safety
Anon, Safe Practices in Chemical Laboratories, The Royal Society of Chemistry, London, 1989.
Anon, COSHH in Laboratories, The Royal Society of Chemistry, London, 1989. Lenga, R. E. (Ed.), Sigma-Aldrich Library of Chemical Safety Data, 2nd Edn, Sigma-Aldrich Ltd, Gillingam, UK, 1988.
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